Luk 20:16, 21:24, Act 13:46, 15:7, 18:6, 28:28, Rom 9-11, Heb 2:3 | ISV | STEP | He will come and destroy those farmers and give the vineyard to others.” Those who heard him said, “That must never happen!”

Luke 20:16

16 He will come and destroy those farmers and give the vineyard to others.” Those who heard him said, “That must never happen!”

Luke 21:24

24 They will fall by the edge of the sword and be carried off as captives among all the nations, and Jerusalem will be trampled on by the Gentiles until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.”Dan 9:27; 12:7; Rom 11:25

The Coming of the Son of Man Matthew 24:29-31; Mark 13:24-27

Acts 13:46

46 Then Paul and Barnabas boldly declared, “We had to speak God's word to you first, but since you reject it and consider yourselves unworthy of eternal life, we are now going to turn to the Gentiles.Exod 32:10; Deut 32:21; Isa 55:5; Matt 10:6; 21:43; Acts 3:26; 18:6; 28:28; Rom 1:16; 10:19

Acts 15:7

7 After a lengthy debate, Peter stood up and said to them, “Brothers, you know that in the early days God chose me to be the one among you through whom the Gentiles would hear the message of the gospel and believe.Acts 10:20; 11:12

Acts 18:6

6 But when they began to oppose him and insult him, he shook out his clothes in protest and told them, “Your blood be on your own heads! I am innocent. From now on I will go to the Gentiles.”Lev 20:9, 11-12; 2Sam 1:16; Neh 5:13; Ezek 3:18-19; 18:13; Matt 10:14; Acts 13:45-46, 51, 11-12; 20:26; 28:28; 1Pet 4:4

Acts 28:28

28 “You must understand that this salvation of God has been sent to the Gentiles, and they will listen.” ^{▼▼Other mss. read will listen. ²⁹When he had said these words, the Jews left, arguing intensely among themselves.}Matt 21:41, 43; Acts 13:46-47; 18:6; 22:21; 26:17-18; Rom 11:11

Romans 9

1 Paul's Concern for the Jewish People

I am telling the truth in union with Christ—I am not lying, for my conscience, confirms it in the Holy Spirit.Rom 1:9; 2Cor 1:23; 11:31; 12:19; Gal 1:20; Phil 1:8; 1Tim 2:7 2 I have deep sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart,Rom 10:1 3 for I could wish that I myself were condemned ^{▼▼Or accursed} and cut off from Christ for the sake of my brothers, my relatives according to the flesh.Exod 32:32

4 They are Israelites. To them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, ^{▼▼Other mss. read the covenant} the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises.Exod 4:22; Deut 7:6; 14:1; 1Sam 4:21; 1Kings 8:11; Ps 63:2; 78:61; 147:19; Jer 31:9; Acts 3:25; 13:32; Rom 3:2; Eph 2:12; Heb 8:8-10; 9:1 5 To them belong the patriarchs, and from them, according to the flesh, Christ ^{▼▼I.e. the Messiah} descended, who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen.Deut 10:15; Jer 23:6; Luke 3:23; John 1:1; Acts 20:28; Rom 1:3; 11:28; Heb 1:8; 1John 5:20

6 Now it is not as though the word of God has failed. For not all Israelites truly belong to Israel,Num 23:19; John 8:39; Rom 2:28-29; 3:8; Gal 6:16 7 and not all of Abraham's descendants are his true descendants. On the contrary, “It is through Isaac that descendants will be named for you.” ^{▼▼Gen 21:12}Gen 21:12; Gal 4:23; Heb 11:18 8 That is, it is not the children of natural descent who are God's children, but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as descendants.Gal 4:28

9 For this is the language of promise: “At this time I will return, and Sarah will have a son.” ^{▼▼Gen 18:10, 14}Gen 18:10, 14 10 Not only that, but Rebecca became pregnant by our ancestor Isaac.Gen 25:21 11 Yet before their children ^{▼▼Lit. they} had been born or had done anything good or bad (so that God's plan of election might continue to operateRom 4:17; 8:28 12 according to his calling and not by works), Rebecca ^{▼▼Lit. she} was told, “The older child will serve the younger one.” ^{▼▼Gen 25:23}Gen 25:23 13 As it is written, “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.” ^{▼▼Mal 1:2-3}Deut 21:15; Prov 13:24; Mal 1:2-3; Matt 10:37; Luke 14:26; John 12:25

14 What can we say, then? God is not unrighteous, is he? Of course not!Deut 32:4; 2Chr 19:7; Job 8:3; 34:10; Ps 92:15 15 For he says to Moses, “I will be merciful to the person I want to be merciful to, and I will be kind to the person I want to be kind to.” ^{▼▼Exod 33:19}Exod 33:19 16 Therefore, God's choice ^{▼▼Lit. it} does not depend on a person's will or effort, but on God himself, who shows mercy. 17 For the Scripture says to Pharaoh,Exod 9:16; Gal 3:8, 22

“I have raised you up for this very purpose,

to demonstrate my power in you

and that my name might be proclaimed

in all the earth.” ^{▼▼Exod 9:16}

18 Therefore, God ^{▼▼Lit. he} has mercy on whomever he chooses, and he hardens the heart of whomever he chooses. 19 God Chose People Who Are Not JewishYou may ask me, “Then why does God ^{▼▼Lit. he} still find fault with anybody? ^{▼▼The Gk. lacks with anybody} For who can resist his will?”2Chr 20:6; Job 9:12; 23:13; Dan 4:35 20 On the contrary, who are you—mere man that you are—to talk back to God? Can an object that was molded say to the one who molded it, “Why did you make me like this?”Isa 29:16; 45:9; 64:8 21 A potter has the right to do what he wants to with his clay, doesn't he? He can make something for a special occasion or something for ordinary use from the same lump.Prov 16:4; Jer 18:6; 2Tim 2:20

22 Now if God wants to demonstrate his wrath and reveal his power, can't he be extremely patient with the objects of his wrath that are made for destruction?1Thes 5:9; 1Pet 2:8; Jude 1:4 23 Can't he also reveal his glorious riches to the objects of his mercy that he has prepared ahead of time for glory—Rom 2:4; 8:28-30; Eph 1:7; Col 1:27 24 including us, whom he also called, not only from the Jews but from the Gentiles as well?Rom 3:29 25 As he says in Hosea,Hos 2:23; 1Pet 2:10

“Those who are not my people

I will call my people,

and the one who was not loved

I will call my loved one. ^{▼▼Hos 2:23}

26 In the very place where it was said to them,Hos 1:10

‘You are not my people,’

they will be called children of the living God.” ^{▼▼Hos 1:10}

27 Isaiah also calls out concerning Israel,Isa 10:22-23; Rom 11:5

“Although the descendants of Israel

are as numerous as the grains of sand on the seashore,

only a few will be saved.

28 For the Lord will carry out his planIsa 28:22

and shorten it in righteousness, ^{▼▼Other mss. lack in righteousness}

because he will carry out his plan on the earth decisively.” ^{▼▼Isa 10:22-23}

29 It is just as Isaiah predicted:Isa 1:9; 13:19; Jer 50:40; Lam 3:22

“If the Lord of the Heavenly Armies

had not left us some descendants,

we would have become like Sodom

and would have been compared to Gomorrah.” ^{▼▼Isa 1:9}

30 What can we say, then? Gentiles, who were not pursuing righteousness, have attained righteousness, a righteousness that comes through faith.Rom 1:17; 4:11; 10:20 31 But Israel, who did pursue the righteousness that is based on the law, did not arrive at that law.Rom 10:2; 11:7; Gal 5:4 32 Why not? Because they did not pursue it on the basis of faith, but as if it were based on works. They stumbled over the stone that causes people to stumble.Luke 2:34; 1Cor 1:23 33 As it is written,Ps 118:22; Isa 8:14; 28:16; Matt 21:42; Rom 10:11; 1Pet 2:6-8

“Look! I am placing a stone in Zion

that people will stumble over

and a large rock that will make them fall,

and the one who believes in him will never be ashamed.” ^{▼▼Isa 28:16}

Romans 10

1 The Person Who Believes Will Be Saved

Brothers, my heart's desire and prayer to God on behalf of the Jews ^{▼▼Lit. on behalf of them} is that they would be saved. 2 For I can testify on their behalf that they have a zeal for God, but it is not in keeping with full knowledge.Acts 21:20; 22:3; Rom 9:31; Gal 1:14; 4:17 3 For they are ignorant of the righteousness that comes from God while they try to establish their own, and they have not submitted to God's righteousness.Rom 1:17; 9:30; Phil 3:9 4 For Christ is the culmination ^{▼▼Or end} of the law as far as righteousness is concerned for everyone who believes.Matt 5:17; Gal 3:24

5 For Moses writes about the righteousness that comes from the law as follows: “The person who obeys these things will find life in them.” ^{▼▼Lev 18:5}Lev 18:5; Neh 9:29; Ezek 20:11, 13, 21; Gal 3:12 6 But the righteousness that comes from faith says, “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will go up to heaven?’ (that is, to bring Christ down),Deut 30:12-13 7 or ‘Who will go down into the depths?’ (that is, to bring Christ back from the dead).” 8 But what does it say? “The message is near you. It is in your mouth and in your heart.” ^{▼▼Deut 9:4; 30:12-14} This is the message of faith that we proclaim:Deut 30:14 9 If you declare with your mouth that Jesus is Lord, and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved.Matt 10:32; Luke 12:8; Acts 8:37 10 For a person believes with his heart and is justified, and a person declares with his mouth and is saved. 11 For the Scripture says, “Everyone who believes in him will not be ashamed.” ^{▼▼Isa 28:16}Isa 28:16; 49:23; Jer 17:7; Rom 9:33 12 For there is no difference between Jew and Greek, because they all have the same Lord, who gives richly to all who call on him.Acts 10:36; 15:9; Rom 3:22, 29; Gal 3:28; Eph 1:7; 1Tim 2:5 13 For “everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.” ^{▼▼Joel 2:32}Joel 2:32; Acts 2:21; 9:14

14 How, then, can people ^{▼▼Lit. they} call on someone they have not believed? And how can they believe in someone they have not heard about? And how can they hear without someone preaching?Titus 1:3 15 And how can they preach unless they are sent? As it is written,Isa 52:7; Nah 1:15

“How beautiful are the feet of those

who bring the good news!” ^{▼▼Isa 52:7}

16 But not everyone has obeyed the gospel. For Isaiah asks,

“Lord, who has believed our message?” ^{▼▼Isa 53:1}Isa 53:1; John 12:38; Rom 3:3; Heb 4:2

17 Consequently, faith comes from listening, and listening comes through the word of Christ. ^{▼▼Other mss. read of God}

18 But I ask, “Didn't they hear?” Certainly they did! In fact,1Kings 18:10; Ps 19:4; Matt 4:8; 24:14; 28:19; Mark 16:15; Col 1:6, 23

“Their voice has gone out into the whole world,

and their words to the ends of the earth.” ^{▼▼Ps 19:4}

19 Again I ask, “Did Israel not understand?” Moses was the first to say,Deut 32:21; Rom 11:11; Titus 3:3

“I will make you jealous

by those who are not a nation;

I will make you angry

by a nation that doesn't understand.” ^{▼▼Deut 32:21}

20 And Isaiah boldly says,Isa 65:1; Rom 9:30

“I was found by those who were not looking for me;

I was revealed to those who were not asking for me.” ^{▼▼Isa 65:1}

21 But about Israel he says,Isa 65:2

“All day long I have held out my hands

to a disobedient and rebellious people.” ^{▼▼Isa 65:2 (LXX)}

Romans 11

1 God's Love for the Jews

So I ask, “God has not rejected his people, has he?” Of course not! I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham from the tribe of Benjamin.1Sam 12:22; Jer 31:37; 2Cor 11:22; Phil 3:5 2 God has not rejected his people whom he chose ^{▼▼10:2 Lit. knew} long ago. Don't you know what the Scripture says in the story about Elijah, ^{▼▼The Gk. lacks the story about} when he pleads with God against Israel?Rom 8:29 3 “Lord, they have killed your prophets and demolished your altars. I am the only one left, and they are trying to take my life.” ^{▼▼1 Kings 19:10, 14}1Kings 19:10, 14 4 But what was the divine reply to him? “I have reserved for myself 7,000 people who have not knelt to worship Baal.” ^{▼▼1 Kings 19:18}1Kings 19:18 5 So it is at the present time: there is a remnant, chosen by grace.Rom 9:27 6 But if this is by grace, then it is no longer on the basis of works. Otherwise, grace would no longer be grace.Deut 9:4-5; Rom 4:4-5; Gal 5:4

7 What, then, does this mean? ^{▼▼The Gk. lacks does this mean} It means that Israel failed to obtain what it was striving for, but those who were chosen obtained it. However, the rest were hardened.Rom 9:31; 10:3 8 As it is written,Deut 29:4; Isa 6:9; 29:10; Jer 5:21; Ezek 12:2; Matt 13:14; John 12:40; Acts 28:26-27

“To this day God has given them a spirit of deep sleep.

Their eyes do not see, and their ears do not hear.” ^{▼▼Deut 29:4; Isa 29:10}

9 And David says,Ps 69:22

“Let their table become a snare and a trap,

a stumbling block and a punishment for them.

10 Let their eyes be darkened so that they cannot see,Ps 69:23

and keep their backs forever bent.” ^{▼▼Ps 69:22-23; 35:8}

11 The Salvation of the GentilesAnd so I ask, “They have not stumbled so as to fall, have they?” Of course not! On the contrary, because of their stumbling, salvation has come to the Gentiles to make the Jews ^{▼▼Lit. them} jealous.Acts 13:46; 18:6; Rom 10:19 12 Now if their stumbling means riches for the world, and if their fall means riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their full inclusion mean!

13 I am speaking to you Gentiles. Because I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I am glorifying my ministryActs 9:15; 13:2; 22:21; Rom 15:16; Gal 1:16; Eph 3:8; 1Tim 2:7; 2Tim 1:11 14 in the hope that I can make my people ^{▼▼Lit. flesh} jealous and save some of them.1Cor 7:16; 9:22; 1Tim 4:16; James 5:20 15 For if their rejection means the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance mean but life from the dead? 16 If the first part of the dough is holy, so is the whole batch. If the root is holy, so are the branches.Lev 23:10; Num 15:18-21

17 Now if some of the branches have been broken off, and you, a wild olive branch, have been grafted in their place to share the rich root of the olive tree,Jer 11:16; Acts 2:39; Eph 2:12-13 18 do not boast about being better than ^{▼▼The Gk. lacks being better than} the other ^{▼▼The Gk. lacks other} branches. If you boast, remember that you do not support the root, but the root supports you.1Cor 10:12 19 Then you will say, “Branches were cut off so that I could be grafted in.” 20 That's right! They were broken off because of their unbelief, but you remain only because of faith. Do not be arrogant, but be afraid! ^{▼▼Or be reverent}Prov 28:14; Isa 66:2; Rom 12:16; Phil 2:12 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, he certainly will not spare you either.

22 Consider, then, the kindness and severity of God: his severity toward those who fell, but God's kindness toward you—if you continue in his kindness. Otherwise, you too will be cut off.John 15:2; 1Cor 15:2; Heb 3:6, 14 23 If the Jews ^{▼▼Lit. they} do not persist in their unbelief, they will be grafted in again, because God is able to graft them in.2Cor 3:16 24 After all, if you were cut off from what is naturally a wild olive tree, and contrary to nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree, how much easier it will be for these natural branches to be grafted back into their own olive tree! 25 The Restoration of IsraelFor I do not want you to be ignorant of this secret, brothers, so that you will not claim to be wiser than you are. A partial hardening has come on Israel until the full number of the Gentiles has come in.Luke 21:24; Rom 12:7, 16; 2Cor 3:14; Rev 7:9 26 In this way, all Israel will be saved. As it is written,Ps 14:7; Isa 59:20

“The Deliverer will come from Zion;

he will remove ungodliness from Jacob.

27 This is my covenant with themIsa 27:9; Jer 31:31; Heb 8:8; 10:16

when I take away their sins.” ^{▼▼Isa 59:20-21}

28 As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies for your sake, but as far as election is concerned, they are loved because of their ancestors.Deut 7:8; 9:5; 10:15 29 For God's gifts and calling never change.Num 23:19 30 For just as you disobeyed God in the past but now have received his mercy because of their disobedience,Eph 2:2; Col 3:7 31 in order they too have disobeyed in the present so that they may ^{▼▼Other mss. read may now} receive mercy because of the mercy shown to you. 32 For God has locked all people in the prison of their own disobedience so that he may have mercy on them all.Rom 3:9; Gal 3:22

33 In Praise of God's WaysO how deep are God's riches, wisdom, and knowledge! How impossible to explain his judgments or to understand his ways!Job 11:7; Ps 36:6; 92:5

34 “Who has known the mind of the Lord?Job 15:8; 36:22; Isa 40:13; Jer 23:18; 1Cor 2:16

Or who has become his adviser? ^{▼▼Isa 40:13 (LXX)}

35 Who has given him somethingJob 35:7; 41:11

only to have him pay it back?” ^{▼▼Job 41:11}

36 For all things are from him, by him, and for him. Glory belongs to him forever! Amen.1Cor 8:6; Gal 1:5; Col 1:16; 1Tim 1:17; 2Tim 4:18; Heb 13:21; 1Pet 5:11; 2Pet 3:18; Jude 1:25; Rev 1:6

Hebrews 2:3

3 how will we escape if we neglect a salvation as great as this? It was first proclaimed by the Lord himself, and then it was confirmed to us by those who heard him,Matt 4:17; Mark 1:14; Luke 1:2; Heb 1:2; 10:28-29; 12:25